Credit Cards, Merchant Accounts, and Your Bottomline

Q: I'm opening a gift shop and want to be able toeach credit card company whose card you want to
accept credit cards. I talked to the branch manager ataccept. To do business with American Express and
my bank, but he didn't seem to know much about howDiscover all you have to do is fill out an application, but
it all worked. He did say that I would need somethingto accept Visa and MasterCard you must have a
called "a merchant account" and something else calledmerchant account. A merchant account is a special
"a credit card processor." Beyond that he seemed asbank account set up for the expressed purpose of
clueless as I am. I'm thinking about going to anotheraccepting credit card payments processed by the
bank. Can you explain how that all works?gateway company. Merchant accounts are usually
-- Mary Ann G.associated with banks, though you can also use credit
A: Maryann, I'm going to give your banker the benefitcard merchant account service companies to perform
of the doubt and say that a lack of knowledgethe same function if you can not get approved for a
regarding the specifics of credit card processing is notbank merchant account.
necessarily a reflection of the banker's competence. IApplying for a merchant account at a bank is much
have found over the years that most bankers, nothe same as applying for a loan. The only difference is
matter how experienced or knowledgeable about thesometimes a loan is easier to get. There is the
banking business they my be, don't really know muchprerequisite paperwork to complete and pledging of
about how credit card processing and acceptancethe first born, followed by an approval process that
really works. That's because the task of accepting andcan take up to several weeks. And you are not
verifying credit card purchases is handled by thirdguaranteed that the bank will approve your merchant
party service companies who process and deposit (oraccount, even if you have been a favored customer
settle) the funds into a bank merchant account.for many years. Banks have strict regulations
The decision to accept credit cards is a wise one forregarding the granting of merchant accounts and if
any retailer. I agree with financial guru Dave Ramsey'sissuing you a merchant account in anyway puts the
teachings regarding the use and abuse of credit cards.bank at risk of losing money, you will be turned down.
Many people dig deep holes with credit cards that areBanks always make decisions based on economics,
hard to climb out of. But, from a practical business pointnot relationships (no matter what your banker tells
of view, any retail business that does not accept credityou).
cards is leaving money on the table. Research hasRequirements for qualifying for a merchant account
shown that accepting credit cards increases revenuevaries among banks, but in general the bank will look at
and helps with cash flow since you receive the moneythe following criteria:
within a couple of days instead of waiting up to aHow long have you been in business? Business
week for a check to clear.longevity suggests a history of stability, efficient
Credit cards don't bounce, as some checks have amanagement, and good financial health.
tendency to do. Credit card users are also more likelyWhat is your product or service? Does your product
to buy on impulse and spend more when they do. Badlend itself to a high rate of returns and chargebacks?
news for them, but good news for you. If you have aA chargeback is a disputed credit card charge that is
social conscience concerning the use of consumerrefunded to the buyer and charged against your
credit cards, a retail operation probably isn't theaccount. You are accessed a chargeback fee that
business for you.can be as much as $20 per event. If your business
To accept credit cards at a brick and mortar locationlends itself to high chargebacks, you will not get the
you typically need four things. The requirements maymerchant account.
vary a little, but the following applies in most cases.How's your credit report? Banks always look at how
You will need: (1) A way to enter the customer's creditmuch you owe and how you pay your bills, so it's
card information into a verification and processingimportant to have good financial and trade references.
system. This can be done with a swipe terminal, pointIf you have a history of late payments or defaults to
of sale system, or by calling the credit card in byvendors, it will count against you.
phone; (2) A credit card gateway company to verifyWhat is your anticipated volume of sales and average
the credit card's validity and process the payments; (3)transaction amount? The more money you make, the
A credit card merchant account in which the gatewaymore money the bank makes. If you anticipate just a
company will deposit payments made to you; and (4)few credit card charges per week it may not be
A business bank account into which the settled fundsenough to justify the merchant account in the bank's
will ultimately be deposited for your use.eyes.
Here's how the process works. (1) You make a saleIs your business categorized as a "high risk merchant?"
and the customer pays by credit card. (2) Using a cardHigh risk merchants are those with the highest
swipe machine or telephone, you contact what isinstances of credit card fraud and chargebacks. High
known as a "gateway company" who takes the cardrisk merchants include many types of internet-based
information you submit and verifies that the card isbusinesses, telemarketers, travel and cruise
valid and the charge can be made against the cardbusinesses, and membership clubs. Being a high risk
account. The gateway company returns an approvalmerchant dramatically decreases your chances of
code for the purchase.getting a merchant account with a bank.
With a swipe machine or point of sale terminal theBeing a high risk merchant doesn't mean that you can't
verification process happens in a matter of seconds. Ifget a merchant account from somewhere else.
you're doing telephone verification it can take a coupleThanks to the growth of ecommerce in recent years
of minutes. You call the gateway company, give themthere are a number of alternative companies that will
the credit card number and expiration date and theyprovide you with a merchant account, sometimes with
give you an approval code that you write on the creditmore perks than a traditional account, but almost
card charge slip. Either way, the money is typicallyalways with higher fees.
deposited in your merchant account within 24 to 48Also, not all banks support internet merchant accounts.
hours (less fees, of course).If yours does not, shop around for one that does.
You'll also need to apply for merchant status with